Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI)

1️⃣ What is the Global Gender Gap Index?

The Global Gender Gap Index measures the gap between men and women across key dimensions.

Important:
It measures the gap, not overall development.

A country can be poor but have a smaller gender gap.

2️⃣ Who Publishes It?

Published annually by:

World Economic Forum (WEF)

Prelims trap:

It is NOT published by:

  • UNDP

  • World Bank

  • UN Women

This is a very common confusion.

3️⃣ What Does It Measure?

The index measures gender gaps across four dimensions:

  1. Economic Participation & Opportunity

  2. Educational Attainment

  3. Health & Survival

  4. Political Empowerment

UPSC may ask which dimensions are included.

4️⃣ India’s Latest Rank

📌 Global Gender Gap Report 2024:

India ranked 129th out of 146 countries

India showed:

Improvement in political representation
Weak performance in economic participation

This is important for elimination.

5️⃣ What It Does NOT Measure

❌ Overall human development
❌ Poverty directly
❌ Innovation
❌ Happiness

It measures relative gender gap between men and women.

6️⃣ Difference: GGGI vs Gender Inequality Index (GII)

Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI):

Published by WEF.
Measures gap between men and women.

Gender Inequality Index (GII):

Published by UNDP.
Measures reproductive health, empowerment, labour market participation.

UPSC loves this confusion.

7️⃣ Why It Matters for UPSC

Links to:

• Women empowerment
• Political reservation debates
• Labour force participation
• Social development

It can appear in prelim or mains.

8️⃣ Common Prelims Traps

  • Confusing publisher (WEF vs UNDP).

  • Thinking it measures income inequality only.

  • Mixing it with HDI.

  • Assuming high GDP = better gender rank.

  • Confusing GII and GGGI.

9️⃣ Likely Question Patterns

• Which organisation publishes Global Gender Gap Index?
• Which dimensions are included?
• What does the index measure?
• Difference between Gender Gap Index and Gender Inequality Index.

🔁 Quick Recall Box

✔ Published by: World Economic Forum (WEF)
✔ Latest India rank (2024): 129 / 146
✔ Measures gender gap in 4 areas
✔ Not same as UNDP’s Gender Inequality Index

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