Global Peace Index (GPI)

1️⃣ What is the Global Peace Index?

The Global Peace Index ranks countries based on their level of peacefulness.

It measures:

• Safety & security
• Ongoing domestic & international conflict
• Militarisation

Important:

It measures peace at national level, not happiness or development.

2️⃣ Who Publishes It?

Published annually by:

Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP)

Prelims trap:

It is NOT published by:

  • United Nations

  • World Bank

  • UNDP

  • World Economic Forum

IEP is an independent think tank.

3️⃣ What Does It Measure?

The index uses 3 broad domains:

  1. Ongoing Conflict

  2. Societal Safety & Security

  3. Militarisation

It includes indicators like:

• Number of conflicts
• Homicide rate
• Military expenditure
• Political instability

UPSC may test which of these are included.

4️⃣ India’s Latest Rank

📌 Global Peace Index 2024:

India ranked 116th out of 163 countries

India’s position has improved slightly over time but remains in mid-range.

5️⃣ What It Does NOT Measure

❌ Economic growth
❌ Gender equality
❌ Innovation
❌ Hunger

It focuses on peace & conflict indicators.

6️⃣ Conceptual Clarity

High military expenditure may reduce peace score.

Higher score in GPI means:

Less peaceful (because ranking is from most peaceful at top).

Prelims trap:

Rank 1 = Most peaceful.
Higher rank number = Less peaceful.

7️⃣ Static Linkage

Related themes:

• Internal security
• Border conflicts
• Defence expenditure
• Global conflict trends

UPSC may combine GPI with geopolitics.

8️⃣ Common Prelims Traps

  • Confusing publisher (IEP vs UN).

  • Mixing it with World Happiness Report.

  • Assuming it measures GDP impact.

  • Forgetting militarisation is a parameter.

  • Misinterpreting ranking direction.

9️⃣ Likely Question Patterns

• Which organisation publishes Global Peace Index?
• Which of the following indicators are used in GPI?
• What does GPI primarily measure?
• Higher GPI rank indicates what?

🔁 Quick Recall Box

✔ Published by: Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP)
✔ Latest India rank (2024): 116 / 163
✔ Measures peace across 3 domains
✔ Includes militarisation
✔ Not a UN index

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